The Compositae is the largest family of vascular plants. It contains more than 20000 species in about 1200 genera, and is of special interest in mycology because of the very rich rust flora recorded on its representatives. In Ukraine the Compositae are hosts to members of the genera Puccinia Pers., Coleosporium Lév. and Miyagia Miyabe. Puccinia is the most species rich: in Ukraine 36 species of this genus are recorded on plants of the Compositae. This represents about one-eighth of all rust species noted in Ukraine, a proportion much larger than that found in other families of host plants. Arrangement of Puccinia species parasitizing Compositae by life cycle types reveals a relatively high percentage of brachy-species (27.7%), while conversely the percentage of micro-species (13.9%) is rather low compared with species of this genus parasitizing plants of all other families. Arrangement of Puccinia species parasitizing Compositae by geographical groups reveals a very high percentage of European-west-Asian species (25%) and a relatively low percentage of holarctic species (16.7%) when compared with Puccinia species parasitizing all other families. This indicates that rusts parasitizing representatives of the family Compositae in Ukraine are very different from those in the Far East or North America, and this difference is larger than for the rusts parasitizing all other vascular plants.