During a study of all fungal groups in the Dniprovsko-Orelskyi reserve in 1996, 132 species in 42 genera of conidial fungi were found. These include 2 records new for Ukraine (Ascochyta translucens Kabát & Bubák and Phyllosticta populi-nigrae All. & Rab.), 31 new for the Steppe region, and 24 new for the left-bank (eastern) Zlakovo-Luchnyi Step region. The genera Phoma Sacc. (13 species), Ramularia Unger (12), Septoria Sacc. (11), Phomopsis (9), Cercospora Fresen. (8), Cytospora (7) and Phyllosticta (6) predominated. About half (71 species) were parasitic. Except for Cicinnobolus humuli Fautr. on Microsphaera euonimi (DC.) Sacc. and Cladosporium aecidicola Thm. on aecia of Puccinia graminis Pers., most of these were on vascular plants. Conidial fungi were most diverse in forests (79 species, or about 60% of the total number); 30 species were collected in meadows, 19 on steppes, 15 in ruderal ecosystems, and only 5 in bogs. In forests, Phoma predominated (10 species), followed by Cytospora and Septoria (6 species each); in meadows, Ramularia (8), Cercospora and Septoria (4 species each); on steppes, Phoma (4) and Phomopsis (3). Fungi were found on 75 species of vascular plants from 35 families: the Asteraceae (23), Salicaceae (18), Rosaceae (14), Poaceae (11) and Fabaceae (7) held most fungal species. Conidial fungi were most numerous on Populus nigra L. (6 species); Populus alba L., Pyrus communis L., Sambucus nigra L. (5 each); Prunus stepposa Kotov, Tanacetum vulgare L. and Artemisia marshaliana Spreng. (4 each). At least 30 species of conidial fungi form associations with other fungi (Simonian, 1975), including ascomycetes (13 observations, 5 with powdery mildews), between themselves (8) and with rusts (7).